Mikroskop:20079/annot
Z WikiSkript
[
{
"idx": "20079+",
"txt_cz": "Arteria suprarenalis",
"txt_en": "Suprarenal artery",
"desc_cz": "",
"desc_en": "",
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{
"idx": "20079+",
"txt_cz": "Capsula",
"txt_en": "Capsule",
"desc_cz": "",
"desc_en": "",
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{
"idx": "20079+",
"txt_cz": "D\u0159e\u0148",
"txt_en": "Medulla",
"desc_cz": "Bu\u00f2ky d\u00f8en\u00ec nadledvin produkuj\u00ed 2 typy katecholamin\u00f9: adrenalin a noradrenalin. Tyto hormony jsou d\u00f8e\u00f2ov\u00fdmi bu\u00f2kami skladov\u00e1ny v sekre\u00e8n\u00edch granulech (bu\u00f2ky k\u00f9ry nadledvin svoje hormony neskladuj\u00ed). Chromafinn\u00ed bu\u00f2ky jsou inervov\u00e1ny axony sympatick\u00fdch neuron\u00f9.",
"desc_en": "Cells are arranged in strands or islets with sinusoidal capillaries inbetween. The cytoplasm of the cells is weakly basophilic. 80% of chromaffin cells synthetise adrenaline, the rest noradrenaline , which they store in secretory granules (unlike the cells in cortex) . Chromaffin cells are innervated by preganglionic sympathetic axons .",
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{
"idx": "20079+",
"txt_cz": "K\u016fra",
"txt_en": "Cortex",
"desc_cz": "",
"desc_en": "",
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{
"idx": "20079+",
"txt_cz": "Paragangliov\u00e1 bu\u0148ka",
"txt_en": "Paraganglion cell",
"desc_cz": "Bu\u0148ky d\u0159en\u011b produkuj\u00edc\u00ed biogenn\u00ed aminy. \n\nBu\u0148ky produkuj\u00edc\u00ed adrenalin maj\u00ed tmav\u0161\u00ed cytoplasmu vlivem v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho mno\u017estv\u00ed granul v cytoplasm\u011b, kde\u017eto bu\u0148ky produkuj\u00edc\u00ed noradrenalin maj\u00ed cytoplasmu sv\u011btlej\u0161\u00ed d\u00edky ni\u017e\u0161\u00edmu obsahu granul.",
"desc_en": "The cells of medulla are responsible for synthesis of biogenic amines.\n\nAdrenalin producing cells stain darker because of more numerous cytoplasmic granules, whereas noradrenalin producing cells stain lighter because of less numerous cytoplasmic granules.",
"insert_who": "Mvejr",
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{
"idx": "20079+",
"txt_cz": "Sinusoidn\u00ed kapil\u00e1ra d\u0159en\u011b",
"txt_en": "",
"desc_cz": "",
"desc_en": "",
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{
"idx": "20079+",
"txt_cz": "Sinusoidn\u00ed kapil\u00e1ra k\u016fry",
"txt_en": "",
"desc_cz": "",
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},
{
"idx": "20079+",
"txt_cz": "Vena suprarenalis",
"txt_en": "Suprarenal vein",
"desc_cz": "Vena suprarenalis je venou svalov\u00e9ho typu, v jej\u00ed adventicii se vyskytuj\u00ed svalov\u00e9 bu\u00f2ky.\n\r\n Suprarenal vein is the vein of muscular type, which has muscle cells in its advetitia.",
"desc_en": "",
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{
"idx": "20079+",
"txt_cz": "Zona fasciculata",
"txt_en": "",
"desc_cz": "Bu\u00f2ky maj\u00ed polyedrick\u00fd tvar, jsou uspo\u00f8\u00e1d\u00e1ny v provazce (kolm\u00e9 na povrch org\u00e1nu). Maj\u00ed p\u00ecnovit\u00fd vzhled cytoplazmy, d\u00edky obsahu tukov\u00fdch kap\u00e9nek, kter\u00e9 jsou v technice zalit\u00ed do parafinu extrahov\u00e1ny. Mezi bu\u00f2kami tr\u00e1mc\u00f9 jsou op\u00ect sinusoidn\u00ed kapil\u00e1ry. \n\r\nBu\u00f2ky v zona fasciculata produkuj\u00ed glukokortikoidy (kortizol a kortikosteron). V doln\u00ed t\u00f8etin\u00ec zona fasciculata ub\u00fdvaj\u00ed lipidov\u00e9 inkluse a cytoplasma je eosinofiln\u00ed. Obsah solemi železa zn\u00e1zorniteln\u00fdch granul d\u00e1va t\u00e9to vrstv\u00ec cytologick\u00e9 ozna\u00e8en\u00ed zona siderofilis.",
"desc_en": "The zona fasciculata consists of cords which are perpendicular to the surface and separated by fenestrated sinusoidal capillaries. The nuclei with granular chromatin and typically centrally located, cytoplasm displays spongy appearance (due to extracted lipid droplets during paraffin embedding ). This zone is named zona spongiosa according to cytological classification and produces glucocorticoids (cortisol , corticosteron ). The last third of this zone is characterized by depletion of lipid droplets and the eosinophilic cytoplasm contains granules which could be demonstrated by using iron salts (zona siderophilis is cytological classification).",
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{
"idx": "20079+",
"txt_cz": "Zona glomerulosa",
"txt_en": "",
"desc_cz": "Polyedrick\u00e9 bu\u00f2ky uspo\u00f8\u00e1d\u00e1ny do okrouhl\u00fdch shluk\u00f9. Jsou obklopeny sinusoidn\u00edmi kapil\u00e1rami. \n\r\nBu\u00f2ky v zona glomerulosa tvo\u00f8\u00ed mineralokortikoidy (aldosteron).",
"desc_en": "Cells of the zona glomerulosa are organised into small rounded groups or twisted columns. Cells are smaller than in the two other zones, their nuclei are round with abundant finely arranged heterochromatin, the cytoplasm is slightly eosinophilic. Mineralcorticoids are secreted at this zone (aldesterone).",
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"idx": "20079+",
"txt_cz": "Zona glomerulosa",
"txt_en": "",
"desc_cz": "Nejmladš\u00ed bu\u00f2ky.",
"desc_en": "The youngest cells.",
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{
"idx": "20079+",
"txt_cz": "Zona juxtamedullaris",
"txt_en": "",
"desc_cz": "P\u00f8echodn\u00e1 z\u00f3na mezi k\u00f9rou a d\u00f8en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 po prvn\u00edm roce involuje.\n\r\nZona juxtamedullaris, siderofilis, spongiosa a glomerulosa pat\u00f8\u00ed k cytologick\u00e9mu \u00e8len\u00ecn\u00ed k\u00f9ry nadledvin, narozd\u00edl od morfologick\u00e9ho \u00e8len\u00ecn\u00ed, kde se k\u00f9ra d\u00ecl\u00ed pouze na zona glomerulosa, fasciculata a reticularis.\n\r\n It is a transitional zone between cortex and medulla, which involutes during the first year of life. Zona juxtamedullaris, siderofilis, spongiosa and glomerulosa describe the cytological classification of the cortex, whereas morphological classification describes zona glomerulosa, fasciculata a reticularis only.",
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{
"idx": "20079+",
"txt_cz": "Zona reticularis",
"txt_en": "",
"desc_cz": "Bu\u00f2ky jsou uspo\u00f8\u00e1dany do anastomosuj\u00edc\u00edch tr\u00e1mc\u00f9, jejich cytoplasma je eosinofiln\u00ed a lipidov\u00e9 inkluse jsou \u00f8\u00eddk\u00e9, vytv\u00e1\u00f8ej\u00ed androgeny a gestageny.",
"desc_en": "Cells are arranged in anastomosing cords which are penetrated by sinusoidal capillaries. Their cytoplasm is eosinophilic and less spongy and nuclei are large and rich in heterochromatin . Lipofuscin may be found in older cells as a typical cell inclusion . This zone produces androgens and gestagens .",
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"idx": "20079+",
"txt_cz": "Zona siderofilis",
"txt_en": "",
"desc_cz": "V bu\u00f2k\u00e1ch se vyskytuj\u00ed granula s vysokou afinitou k Fe a již ub\u00fdv\u00e1 tukov\u00fdch inkluz\u00ed.\n\r\n These cells have granules with high affinity of iron and low fat content.",
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"idx": "20079+",
"txt_cz": "Zona spongiosa",
"txt_en": "",
"desc_cz": "Skl\u00e1d\u00e1 se ze spongiocyt\u00f9, kter\u00e9 obsahuj\u00ed granula prekurzor\u00f9 steroidn\u00edch hormon\u00f9. \n\r\n This layer is composed of the spongy cells which contain granules with precusors for steroid hormones.",
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