Mikroskop:20082/annot
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"idx": "20082+",
"txt_cz": "0. Aorta",
"txt_en": "0. Aorta",
"desc_cz": "Aorta pat\u0159\u00ed do skupiny elastick\u00fdch arteri\u00ed (spole\u010dn\u011b s truncus pulmonalis). Nejn\u00e1padn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed znak t\u011bchto arteri\u00ed je siln\u00e1 tunica media ve kter\u00e9 se st\u0159\u00eddaj\u00ed fenestrovan\u00e9 elastick\u00e9 blanky a vrstvy bun\u011bk hladk\u00e9 svaloviny.",
"desc_en": "",
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"idx": "20082+",
"txt_cz": "1. Tunica intima",
"txt_en": "1. Tunica intima",
"desc_cz": "Tunica intima je u aorty dob\u0159e vyvinut\u00e1, obsahuje endotel a subendotelov\u00e1 vrstvu tvo\u0159enou vazivem. M\u016f\u017ee zde b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edtomna i membrana elastica interna. \n",
"desc_en": "Tunica interna is composed of : a single layer of endothelial cells, subendothelial loose connective tissue, internal elastic membrane (visualized with silver imp)",
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"txt_cz": "1.1. Endotel",
"txt_en": "1.1. Endotel",
"desc_cz": "Endotelov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky maj\u00ed polygon\u00e1ln\u00ed tvar a jsou prot\u00e1hl\u00e9 ve sm\u011bru osy c\u00e9vy. J\u00e1dra jsou ov\u00e1ln\u00e1 a maj\u00ed hrubou chromatinovou strukturu. Endotelov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky poch\u00e1zej\u00ed z angioblast\u016f krevn\u00edch ostruvk\u016f, kter\u00e9 vznikaj\u00ed z mezechymu. Endotelov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky reguluj\u00ed tonus krevn\u00ed c\u00e9vy a pr\u016ftok krve sekrec\u00ed faktor\u016f ovliv\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edch kontrakci hladk\u00e9 svaloviny.\n\nEndotel (nen\u00ed epitel) je tvo\u0159en jednou vrstvou endotelov\u00fdch bun\u011bk. Funguje jako polopropustn\u00e1 bari\u00e9ra mezi krv\u00ed a interstaci\u00e1ln\u00ed tk\u00e1\u0148ovou tekutinou. M\u00e1 antitrombogenn\u00ed povrch to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee se na n\u011bm nesr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed krev. Endotel kontruje a zprost\u0159edkov\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00fdm\u011bnu molekul. Pr\u00e1v\u011b sprost\u0159edkov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm v\u00fdm\u011bny molekul se pod\u00edl\u00ed na z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9 a lok\u00e1ln\u00ed imunitn\u00ed odpov\u011bdi.",
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"txt_cz": "1.2. Subendotelov\u00e1 vrstva",
"txt_en": "1.2. Subendotel layer",
"desc_cz": "Subendotelov\u00e1 vrstva je tvo\u0159ena \u0159\u00eddk\u00fdm kolagenn\u00edm vazivem a bu\u0148kami hladk\u00e9 svaloviny.",
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"txt_cz": "2. Tunica media",
"txt_en": "Tunica media",
"desc_cz": "Tunica media je nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vrstvou st\u011bny arteri\u00ed. Je slo\u017een\u00e1 z cirkul\u00e1rn\u011b uspo\u0159\u00e1dan\u00e9 vrstvy bun\u011bk hladk\u00e9ho svalstva, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou kopamktn\u011b seskupen\u00e9. Mezi hladkou svalovinou jsou rozpt\u00fdlena elastick\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna, retikul\u00e1rn\u00ed vl\u00e1kna, glykoproteiny a proteoglykany. Na synt\u00e9ze retikul\u00e1rn\u00edch a elastick\u00fdch vl\u00e1ken se pod\u00edlej\u00ed i bu\u0148ky hladk\u00e9 svaloviny (endomysium). Dal\u0161\u00ed komponentou je syst\u00e9m a\u017e 50 fenestrovan\u00fdch elastick\u00fdch membr\u00e1n.\n",
"desc_en": "Tunica media is made up of several tens of fenestrated elastic membranes, which are penetrated by circularly arranged smooth muscle cells. It is the thickest layer among all others.",
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"txt_cz": "2.1. Elastick\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna",
"txt_en": "Elastic fibers",
"desc_cz": "Elastick\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna jsou tvo\u0159ena vl\u00e1knitou slo\u017ekou a vrstvou mikrofibril, t\u011bm d\u00e1v\u00e1 za vznik fibrilin. Vl\u00e1knitou slo\u017eku p\u0159edstavuje elastin, je\u017e je ve st\u0159edu elastick\u00e9ho vl\u00e1kna. \n\n Pro barven\u00ed elastick\u00fdch vl\u00e1ken se u\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00ed barviva jako je aldehyd fuchsin, resorcin-fuchsin \u010di orcein.",
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"txt_cz": "3. Tunica adventitia",
"txt_en": "Tunica adventitia",
"desc_cz": "Tunica adventitia je nejzevn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vrstva st\u011bny c\u00e9vy. Je tvo\u0159ena \u0159\u00eddk\u00fdm kolagenn\u00edm vazivem v n\u011bm\u017e jsou longitudin\u00e1ln\u011b uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1na elastick\u00e1 a kolagenn\u00ed vl\u00e1kna. U tlust\u00fdch c\u00e9v se v tunica adventitia a zevn\u00ed vrstv\u011b tunica media nach\u00e1z\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b vasa vasorum a nervov\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna. Tunica adventitia navazuje na stroma org\u00e1n\u016f.",
"desc_en": "Tunica adventitia is composed of loose connective tissue with longitudinally arranged elastic fibers. It contains nerves and vessels.",
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"txt_cz": "lumen arterie",
"txt_en": "lumen of artery",
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"txt_cz": "Vasa vasorum",
"txt_en": "Vasa vasorum",
"desc_cz": "Vasa vasorum se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v zevn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti tunica media a v tunica adventitia v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch c\u00e9v, kde u\u017e pro v\u00fd\u017eivu c\u00e9vy nesta\u010d\u00ed pouze difuze z lumina. Vasa vasorum p\u0159edstavuje arterioly a venuly.",
"desc_en": "Vasa vasorum is the network of small blood vessels that supply the wall.",
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]
