Mikroskop:20060/annot
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"idx": "20060+",
"txt_cz": "0. Lumen",
"txt_en": "0. Lumen",
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"txt_cz": "1. Tunica mucosa",
"txt_en": "1. Tunica mucosa",
"desc_cz": "Tunica mucosa mo\u010dov\u00e9ho m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159e je tvo\u0159ena urothelem a lamina propria mucosae.",
"desc_en": "The tunica mucosa is made of the urothelium and lamina propria mucosae.",
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"txt_cz": "1.1. Urotel",
"txt_en": "Urothelium",
"desc_cz": "Urotel je p\u0159echodn\u00fd epitel specifick\u00fd pro mo\u010dov\u00fd syst\u00e9m. Bu\u0148ky tohoto epitelu jsou zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed v tom, \u017ee dok\u00e1\u017eou m\u011bnit sv\u016fj tvar podle napln\u011bn\u00ed mo\u010dov\u00e9ho m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159e. \n\nV\u0161echny bu\u0148ky nasedaj\u00ed na laminu basalis, i kdy\u017e n\u011bkter\u00e9 jen \u00fazkou stopkou. P\u0159i lamina basalis nalezneme bu\u0148ky kubick\u00e9ho tvaru, nad nimi jsou bu\u0148ky s hru\u0161kovit\u00fdm t\u011blem a jejich z\u00fa\u017een\u00fd v\u00fdb\u011b\u017eek se dot\u00fdk\u00e1 lamina basalis. D\u00e1le vid\u00edme bu\u0148ky je\u0161t\u011b prot\u00e1hlej\u0161\u00ed a a\u017e p\u0159i povrchu nalezneme tzv. '\"umbrella cells'\", kter\u00e9 p\u0159ekr\u00fdvaj\u00ed celou plochu epitelu. P\u0159i n\u00e1plni mo\u010dov\u00e9ho m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159e se cel\u00fd epitel v\u00fdrazn\u011b sni\u017euje a kles\u00e1 po\u010det \u0159ad jader.",
"desc_en": "Urothelium, also called transitional epithelium as it looks like an intermediate between nonkeratinizing squamous and pseudostratified columnar epithelium . Superficial urothelium is a single layer of umbrella cells with prominent nucleoli and eosinophilic cytoplasm. O ne umbrella cell covers several underlying cells. Apical plaque contains uroplakin.",
"insert_who": "Am\u00e1lie Rozenbaumov\u00e1",
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"txt_cz": "1.1.1. Umbrella cell",
"txt_en": "Umbrella cell",
"desc_cz": "Umbrella cells jsou bu\u0148ky p\u0159ekr\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed urotel. Podporuj\u00ed jedine\u010dnou nepropusnost tohoto epitelu pro \u0161kodliv\u00e9 l\u00e1tky z mo\u010di. Svou stopkou dosahuj\u00ed k baz\u00e1ln\u00ed membr\u00e1n\u011b a p\u0159i napln\u011bn\u00ed mo\u010dov\u00e9ho m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159e jsou schopny rozta\u017een\u00ed. ",
"desc_en": "Umbrella cells: specialized cel ls with cytoprotective functions against urine.",
"insert_who": "Am\u00e1lie Rozenbaumov\u00e1",
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"txt_cz": "1.2. Lamina propria mucosae",
"txt_en": "1.2. Lamina propria mucosae",
"desc_cz": "Lamina propria mucosae je tvo\u0159ena \u0159\u00eddk\u00fdm kolagenn\u00edm vazivem s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm zastoupen\u00edm elastick\u00fdch vl\u00e1ken, co\u017e vede k ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed barvitelnosti mezibun\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 hmoty. Lamina propriea mucosae obsahuje drobn\u00e9 mucin\u00f3zn\u00ed \u017el\u00e1zky.",
"desc_en": "Highly vascularized, loose connective tissue underlying epithelium.",
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"txt_cz": "2. Tunica muscularis",
"txt_en": "2. Tunica muscularis",
"desc_cz": "Tunica muscularis mo\u010dov\u00e9ho m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159e je tvo\u0159ena hladkou svalovinou, kter\u00e1 je uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1na do t\u0159\u00ed vrstev - vnit\u0159n\u00ed plexiformn\u00ed, st\u0159edn\u00ed cirkul\u00e1rn\u00ed a vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed longitudin\u00e1ln\u00ed (m\u00e1 p\u0159edozadn\u00ed uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed). \n\nSoubor t\u011bchto \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed hladk\u00e9ho svalu se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 musculus detrusor. V nenapln\u011bn\u00e9m mo\u010dov\u00e9m m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159i (zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b pak p\u0159i hypertrofii svaloviny) vyzdvihuje plexiformn\u00ed vrstva \u0159asy, kter\u00e9 se p\u0159i napln\u011bn\u00ed mo\u010dov\u00e9ho m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159e vyhlazuj\u00ed.",
"desc_en": "Consists of inner longitudinal, circular and outer longitudinal layers (three layers). Sometimes contains adipose tissue between muscle fascicles (paraganglia).",
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"txt_cz": "3. Tunica adventitia",
"txt_en": "3. Tunica adventitia",
"desc_cz": "Tunica adventitia je tvo\u0159ena kolegenn\u00edm vazivem a pokr\u00fdv\u00e1 mo\u010dov\u00fd m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159 tam, kde ho ji\u017e nekryje mezotel. Mezotel pokr\u00fdv\u00e1 mo\u010dov\u00fd m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159 na horn\u00ed a \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b i na zadn\u00ed stran\u011b.",
"desc_en": "Loose connective tissue on side of bladder not facing peritoneum.",
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"txt_cz": "Kapil\u00e1ra",
"txt_en": "Capillary",
"desc_cz": "",
"desc_en": "",
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