Mikroskop:20081/annot
Z WikiSkript
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"idx": "20081+",
"txt_cz": "0. Aorta",
"txt_en": "Aorta",
"desc_cz": "Aorta pat\u0159\u00ed do skupiny elastick\u00fdch arteri\u00ed (spole\u010dn\u011b s truncus pulmonalis). Nejn\u00e1padn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed znak t\u011bchto arteri\u00ed je siln\u00e1 tunica media ve kter\u00e9 se st\u0159\u00eddaj\u00ed fenestrovan\u00e9 elastick\u00e9 blanky a vrstvy bun\u011bk hladk\u00e9 svaloviny.",
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"txt_cz": "1. Tunica intima",
"txt_en": "Tunica intima",
"desc_cz": "Tunica intima je u aorty dob\u0159e vyvinut\u00e1, obsahuje endotel a subendotelov\u00e1 vrstvu tvo\u0159enou vazivem.\n\n",
"desc_en": "The tunica intima is the innermost layer of the aorta. It consists of two main components: endothelium and subendothelial layer.\n\n\n\n Endothelium is an ultimately squamous cell layer, which is sitting on the basement membrane and the cells are elongated parallely to the axis of aorta. \n\nThe subendothelial layer consists of connective tissue wih more numerous elastic fibers.\n\nwe can see the spiral pattern of smooth muscle cells in subendothelial layer, and also obliquelly arranged smooth muscle cells can be noticed.",
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"txt_cz": "1.1. Endotel",
"txt_en": "1.1. Endotel",
"desc_cz": "Endotelov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky maj\u00ed polygon\u00e1ln\u00ed tvar a jsou prot\u00e1hl\u00e9 ve sm\u011bru osy c\u00e9vy. J\u00e1dra jsou ov\u00e1ln\u00e1 a maj\u00ed hrubou chromatinovou strukturu. Endotelov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky poch\u00e1zej\u00ed z angioblast\u016f krevn\u00edch ostruvk\u016f, kter\u00e9 vznikaj\u00ed z mezechymu. Endotelov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky reguluj\u00ed tonus krevn\u00ed c\u00e9vy a pr\u016ftok krve sekrec\u00ed faktor\u016f ovliv\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edch kontrakci hladk\u00e9 svaloviny.\n\nEndotel (nen\u00ed epitel) je tvo\u0159en jednou vrstvou endotelov\u00fdch bun\u011bk. Funguje jako polopropustn\u00e1 bari\u00e9ra mezi krv\u00ed a interstaci\u00e1ln\u00ed tk\u00e1\u0148ovou tekutinou. M\u00e1 antitrombogenn\u00ed povrch to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee se na n\u011bm nesr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed krev. Endotel kontruje a zprost\u0159edkov\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00fdm\u011bnu molekul. Pr\u00e1v\u011b sprost\u0159edkov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm v\u00fdm\u011bny molekul se pod\u00edl\u00ed na z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9 a lok\u00e1ln\u00ed imunitn\u00ed odpov\u011bdi.",
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"txt_cz": "1.2. Subendotelov\u00e1 vrstva",
"txt_en": "1.2. Subendotel layer",
"desc_cz": "Subendotelov\u00e1 vrstva je tvo\u0159ena \u0159\u00eddk\u00fdm kolagenn\u00edm vazivem a bu\u0148kami hladk\u00e9 svaloviny.",
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"txt_cz": "2. Tunica media",
"txt_en": "Tunica media",
"desc_cz": "Tunica media je nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vrstvou st\u011bny arteri\u00ed. Je slo\u017een\u00e1 z cirkul\u00e1rn\u011b uspo\u0159\u00e1dan\u00e9 vrstvy bun\u011bk hladk\u00e9ho svalstva, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou kopamktn\u011b seskupen\u00e9. Mezi hladkou svalovinou jsou rozpt\u00fdlena elastick\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna, retikul\u00e1rn\u00ed vl\u00e1kna, glykoproteiny a proteoglykany. Na synt\u00e9ze retikul\u00e1rn\u00edch a elastick\u00fdch vl\u00e1ken se pod\u00edlej\u00ed i bu\u0148ky hladk\u00e9 svaloviny (endomysium). Dal\u0161\u00ed komponentou je syst\u00e9m a\u017e 50 fenestrovan\u00fdch elastick\u00fdch membr\u00e1n.\n",
"desc_en": "Tunica media is the middle layer of the aorta. It coomposed of a thick layer of circularly arranged smooth muscle cells accompanied by system of about 50 elastic fibers (fenestrated membranae ) and connective tissue of endomysium.",
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"txt_cz": "2.1. Fenestrovan\u00e9 elastick\u00e9 membr\u00e1ny",
"txt_en": "Fenestrated elastic membranes",
"desc_cz": "Fenestrovan\u00e9 elastick\u00e9 membr\u00e1ny jsou viditeln\u00e9 jako m\u00edsta v tunica media zn\u00e1zor\u0148uj\u00ed nezbarven\u00e9 elastick\u00e9 membr\u00e1ny. Jsou zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed formou organizace elastinu a skrze jejich otvory prostupuj\u00ed bu\u0148ky hladk\u00e9ho svalu v vnit\u0159n\u00edch do zevn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed syst\u00e9m\u016f. Fenestrovan\u00e9 elastick\u00e9 membr\u00e1ny jsou v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 pro p\u0159enos impulz\u016f pro koordinovanou kontrakci.",
"desc_en": "Fenestrated elastic membrane is a special form of elastin organization, having principally an unulating composition, this is seen as\n\nw hite spaces in tunica media indicate unstained elastic membrane s, due to their hydrophobicity. Through the openings are penetrating smooth muscle cells from the inner to more outer systems.",
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"txt_cz": "2.2. Elastick\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna",
"txt_en": "Elastic fibers",
"desc_cz": "Elastick\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna jsou tvo\u0159ena vl\u00e1knitou slo\u017ekou a vrstvou mikrofibril, t\u011bm d\u00e1v\u00e1 za vznik fibrilin. Vl\u00e1knitou slo\u017eku p\u0159edstavuje elastin, je\u017e je ve st\u0159edu elastick\u00e9ho vl\u00e1kna. \n\n Pro barven\u00ed elastick\u00fdch vl\u00e1ken se u\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00ed barviva jako je aldehyd fuchsin, resorcin-fuchsin \u010di orcein.",
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"txt_cz": "3. Tunica adventitia (externa)",
"txt_en": " Tunica adventitia (externa)",
"desc_cz": "Tunica adventitia je nejzevn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vrstva st\u011bny c\u00e9vy. Je tvo\u0159ena \u0159\u00eddk\u00fdm kolagenn\u00edm vazivem v n\u011bm\u017e jsou longitudin\u00e1ln\u011b uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1na elastick\u00e1 a kolagenn\u00ed vl\u00e1kna. U tlust\u00fdch c\u00e9v se v tunica adventitia a zevn\u00ed vrstv\u011b tunica media nach\u00e1z\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b vasa vasorum a nervov\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna. Tunica adventitia navazuje na stroma org\u00e1n\u016f.",
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"txt_cz": "Paraaort\u00e1ln\u00ed lymfatick\u00e1 uzlina",
"txt_en": "Paraortic lymph node",
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"txt_cz": "Svazek nervov\u00fdch vl\u00e1ken",
"txt_en": "Bundle of nerve fibers",
"desc_cz": "Na prepar\u00e1tu je vid\u011bt p\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00fd \u0159ez svazkem nervov\u00fdch vl\u00e1ken kryt\u00fdch perineuriem. Jsou zde t\u00e9\u017e patrn\u00e1 j\u00e1dra fibroblast\u016f a Schwannov\u00fdch bun\u011bk (\u017elut\u011b).",
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"color": "green",
"size": "small",
"x_rel": "0.215021",
"y_rel": "0.187106"
},
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"color": "yellow",
"size": "small",
"x_rel": "0.654547",
"y_rel": "0.983999"
},
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"color": "yellow",
"size": "small",
"x_rel": "0.446976",
"y_rel": "0.989417"
},
{
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"ori": "left",
"color": "yellow",
"size": "small",
"x_rel": "0.214479",
"y_rel": "0.187989"
}
]
},
{
"idx": "20081+",
"txt_cz": "Vasa vasorum",
"txt_en": "vasa vasorum",
"desc_cz": "Vasa vasorum se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v zevn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti tunica media a v tunica adventitia v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch c\u00e9v, kde u\u017e pro v\u00fd\u017eivu c\u00e9vy nesta\u010d\u00ed pouze difuze z lumina. Vasa vasorum p\u0159edstavuje arterioly a venuly.",
"desc_en": "",
"insert_who": "Am\u00e1lie Rozenbaumov\u00e1",
"marks": [
{
"shape": "arrow",
"ori": "left",
"color": "green",
"size": "small",
"x_rel": "0.80149",
"y_rel": "0.384196"
},
{
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"ori": "right",
"color": "green",
"size": "small",
"x_rel": "0.833991",
"y_rel": "0.419062"
},
{
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"ori": "left",
"color": "green",
"size": "small",
"x_rel": "0.02054",
"y_rel": "0.634766"
},
{
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"color": "green",
"size": "medium",
"x_rel": "0.339993",
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},
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}
]
},
{
"idx": "20081+",
"txt_cz": "V\u011btven\u00ed arterie",
"txt_en": "Branching artery",
"desc_cz": "Na prepar\u00e1tu zachycen odstup jedn\u00e9 z v\u011btv\u00ed aorty. ",
"desc_en": "A branching artery from the a orta .",
"insert_who": "Am\u00e1lie Rozenbaumov\u00e1",
"marks": [
{
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"ori": "down",
"color": "green",
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}
]
