Mikroskop:20088/annot
[
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"idx": "20088+",
"txt_cz": "0. Tenk\u00fd typ k\u016f\u017ee",
"txt_en": "Skin",
"desc_cz": "K\u016f\u017ee s chlupy p\u0159edstavuje tenk\u00fd typ k\u016f\u017ee.",
"desc_en": "",
"insert_who": "Am\u00e1lie Rozenbaumov\u00e1"
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"idx": "20088+",
"txt_cz": "1. Epidermis",
"txt_en": "epidermis",
"desc_cz": "Epidermis je nejpovrchov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vrstvou k\u016f\u017ee. Je tvo\u0159ena vrstevnat\u00fdm rohov\u011bj\u0161\u00edm epitelem. Nach\u00e1z\u00edme zde specializovan\u00e9 bu\u0148ky. Mezi n\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed keratinocyty (\u017elut\u011b), melanocyty, Merkelovy bu\u0148ky a Langerhansovy bu\u0148ky. \n\nJe tvo\u0159ena \u010dty\u0159mi vrstvami stratum corneum (sv\u011btle \u0161ed\u011b), stratum granulosum (tmav\u011b \u0161ed\u011b), stratum spinosum (\u010derven\u011b) a stratum basale (\u010dern\u011b). Stratum lucidum bu\u010f chyb\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b nebo je velmi slab\u011b viditeln\u00e9.",
"desc_en": "composed of straitified squamous epithelium and can be divided in to the layers described below .",
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"txt_cz": "1.1. Vrstvy epidermis",
"txt_en": "Epidermis",
"desc_cz": "1. Stratum corneum tvo\u0159\u00ed 15-20 vrstev keratinizovanych bun\u011bk (\u017elut\u011b). Keratinizovan\u00e9 bu\u0148ky' maj\u00ed podobu \u0161upin, kter\u00e9 se postupn\u011b odlupuj\u00ed. Nakonci keratinizace jsou bu\u0148ky vypln\u011bny pouze keratinov\u00fdmi filamenty a cytoplazmatick\u00e1 membr\u00e1na je obklopena vrstvou bohatou na lipidy. \n2. Stratum lucidum je sv\u011btl\u00e1 vrstva s oplo\u0161t\u011bl\u00fdmi bu\u0148kami (zelen\u011b).\n3. Stratum granulosum je tvo\u0159eno polygon\u00e1ln\u00edmi bu\u0148kami (\u010derven\u011b). Bu\u0148ky obsahuj\u00ed bazofiln\u00ed keratohyalinov\u00e1 granula.\n4. Stratum spinosum je slo\u017eeno z kubick\u00fdch a polygon\u00e1ln\u00edch bun\u011bk s ostnit\u00fdmi v\u00fdb\u011b\u017eky (\u0161ed\u011b). N\u011bkter\u00e9 bu\u0148ky le\u017e\u00edc\u00ed nejbl\u00ed\u017ee stratum basale maj\u00ed schopnost se d\u011blit. Proto je tato vrstva n\u011bkdy ozna\u010dovan\u00e1 jako stratum germinativum.\n5. Stratum basale p\u0159edstavuje jedna vrstva kubick\u00fdch bun\u011bk (\u010dern\u011b). Obsahuje v\u0161echny progenitorov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky v\u0161ech vrstev epidermis.",
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"insert_who": "Am\u00e1lie Rozenbaumov\u00e1",
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"txt_cz": "2. Dermis",
"txt_en": "dermis",
"desc_cz": "Dermis je vazivov\u00e1 vrstva p\u0159ipojuj\u00edc\u00ed epidermis k podko\u017en\u00edmu vazivu. Dermis m\u00e1 dv\u011b \u0161patn\u011b rozli\u0161iteln\u00e9 vrstvy.\n\n1.Stratum papillare (\u017elut\u011b) je tvo\u0159eno \u0159\u00eddk\u00fdm kolagenn\u00edm vazivem s \u010detn\u00fdmi retikul\u00e1rn\u00edmi vl\u00e1kny. Vyb\u00edh\u00e1 v derm\u00e1ln\u00ed papily, kter\u00e9 spolu s epiderm\u00e1ln\u00edmi li\u0161tami z epitermis tvo\u0159\u00ed udr\u017euj\u00ed dermoepiderm\u00e1ln\u00ed spojen\u00ed. \n2. Stratum reticulare (\u010dern\u011b) je tvo\u0159eno hust\u00fdm neuspo\u0159\u00e1dan\u00fdm kolagenn\u00edm vazivem. Je siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e stratum papillare a obsahuje v\u00edce vl\u00e1knit\u00e9 slo\u017eky. Elastick\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed pru\u017enost k\u016f\u017ee. ",
"desc_en": "Two layers:\n\n1) Stratum papillare - thin collagen binding\n\n2) Stratum reticulare - dense irregular collagen",
"insert_who": "Am\u00e1lie Rozenbaumov\u00e1",
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"txt_cz": "3. Tela subcutanea",
"txt_en": "Subcutaneous layer",
"desc_cz": "Podko\u017en\u00ed vazivo (tella subcutanea) je tvo\u0159eno \u0159\u00eddk\u00fdm kolagenn\u00edm vazivem. Voln\u011b p\u0159ipojuje k\u016f\u017ei k ostatn\u00edm org\u00e1n\u016fm, d\u00edky tomu je k\u016f\u017ee posunliv\u00e1. Podko\u017en\u00ed vazivo obsahuje hojn\u00e9 adipocyty a je z\u00e1sobeno husou c\u00e9vn\u00ed s\u00edt\u00ed. ",
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"txt_cz": "4. Vlasov\u00fd folikul",
"txt_en": "hair",
"desc_cz": "Vlasov\u00fd folikul p\u0159edstavuje invaginaci dermis z n\u00ed\u017e vyr\u016fst\u00e1 vlas\/chlup. U baze se roz\u0161i\u0159uje v bulbus pili s derm\u00e1ln\u00ed papilou, kter\u00e1 vlas vy\u017eivuje. ",
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"txt_cz": "4.1. Vlasov\u00e1 cibulka ",
"txt_en": "Hair papila",
"desc_cz": "Vlasov\u00e1 cibulka, bulbus pili, p\u0159edstavuje roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159enou \u010d\u00e1st vlasov\u00e9ho folikulu.",
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"txt_cz": "4.2. Vazivov\u00e1 pochva",
"txt_en": "Connective tissue sheath",
"desc_cz": "",
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"txt_cz": "4.3. Vnit\u0159n\u00ed epitelov\u00e1 (ko\u0159enov\u00e1) pochva",
"txt_en": "Internal root sheath",
"desc_cz": "",
"desc_en": "",
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"txt_cz": "4.4. Musculus arrector pili",
"txt_en": "Musculus arrector pili",
"desc_cz": "Musculus arrector pili je tvo\u0159en\u00fd hladkou svalovinou. Za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 ve st\u0159edu vazivov\u00e9 pochvy a up\u00edn\u00e1 se do stratum papilae dermis. P\u0159i jeho kontrakci dojde k nap\u0159\u00edmen\u00ed vlasu a deformaci k\u016f\u017ee, tento jev ozna\u010dujeme jako hus\u00ed k\u016f\u017ee. Krom\u011b nap\u0159imov\u00e1n\u00ed vlasu napom\u00e1h\u00e1 vyprazd\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed mazov\u00e9 \u017el\u00e1zy.",
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"txt_cz": "Mazov\u00e1 \u017el\u00e1za",
"txt_en": "Sebaceous gland",
"desc_cz": "Mazov\u00e1 \u017el\u00e1za p\u0159edstavuje holokrinn\u00ed typ sekrece. \u00dast\u00ed do vlasov\u00e9ho folikulu. K jej\u00edmu vypr\u00e1zdn\u011bn\u00ed napom\u00e1h\u00e1 kontrakce m. arrector pili.",
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"txt_cz": "Papila",
"txt_en": "Hair papila",
"desc_cz": "",
"desc_en": "",
"insert_who": "Gurka",
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"txt_cz": "Potn\u00ed \u017el\u00e1za ekkrinn\u00ed (merokrinn\u00ed) ",
"txt_en": "Ecrine sweat gland",
"desc_cz": "Jednoduch\u00e1 tubul\u00f3zn\u00ed sto\u010den\u00e1 \u017el\u00e1za.\nVylou\u010den\u00ed sekretu exocytozou. \nMyoepitelov\u00e9 bunky pomahaj\u00ed k vylou\u010den\u00ed. ",
"desc_en": "",
"insert_who": "Vik\u010da Peku.rom",
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"x_rel": "0.280204",
"y_rel": "0.38814"
}
]
},
{
"idx": "20088+",
"txt_cz": "Retinaculum cutis",
"txt_en": "",
"desc_cz": "",
"desc_en": "",
"insert_who": "Gurka",
"marks": [
{
"shape": "arrow",
"ori": "down",
"color": "green",
"size": "small",
"x_rel": "0.668347",
"y_rel": "0.623357"
}
]
},
{
"idx": "20088+",
"txt_cz": "Sekre\u010dn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti potn\u00ed \u017el\u00e1zy",
"txt_en": "secretory part of sweat gland",
"desc_cz": "",
"desc_en": "",
"insert_who": "Gurka",
"marks": [
{
"shape": "arrow",
"ori": "down",
"color": "green",
"size": "small",
"x_rel": "0.268514",
"y_rel": "0.383954"
}
]
},
{
"idx": "20088+",
"txt_cz": "V\u00fdvod mazov\u00e9 \u017el\u00e1zky",
"txt_en": "sebaceous gland duct",
"desc_cz": "Vrstevnat\u00fd dlaždicov\u00fd epitel.",
"desc_en": "",
"insert_who": "Gurka",
"marks": [
{
"shape": "arrow",
"ori": "down",
"color": "green",
"size": "small",
"x_rel": "0.490836",
"y_rel": "0.160597"
}
]
},
{
"idx": "20088+",
"txt_cz": "V\u00fdvody potn\u00edch \u017el\u00e1z",
"txt_en": "Sweat glands",
"desc_cz": "",
"desc_en": "",
"insert_who": "Gurka",
"marks": [
{
"shape": "arrow",
"ori": "down",
"color": "green",
"size": "small",
"x_rel": "0.246005",
"y_rel": "0.175454"
}
]
}
]
