Mikroskop:20144/annot
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"idx": "20144+",
"txt_cz": "1. Endokard",
"txt_en": "1. Endocardium",
"desc_cz": "Endokard srde\u010dn\u00ed st\u011bny vyst\u00fdl\u00e1 v\u0161echny srde\u010dn\u00ed odd\u00edly. V s\u00edn\u00edch je siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, zat\u00edmco v komor\u00e1ch tvo\u0159\u00ed pouze tenkou vrstvi\u010dku. Plynule p\u0159ech\u00e1z\u00ed v tunicu intimu c\u00e9v. Skl\u00e1d\u00e1 se z endotelu na vnit\u0159n\u00edm povrchu, z subendotelov\u00e9 vrstvy \u0159\u00eddk\u00e9ho kolagenn\u00edho vaziva a elasticko - muskul\u00e1rn\u00ed vrstvy. \n\nElasticko-muskul\u00e1rn\u00ed vrstva obsahuje kolagenn\u00ed a elastick\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna mezi nimi\u017e jsou skupiny bun\u011bk hladk\u00e9 svaloviny. Endokard je k myokardu p\u0159ipojen subendokardov\u00fdm vazivem, ve kter\u00e9m se krom\u011b c\u00e9v a nerv\u016f nach\u00e1z\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b Purky\u0148ova vl\u00e1kna. Purky\u0148ova vl\u00e1kna jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed p\u0159evodn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu srde\u010dn\u00edho.",
"desc_en": "Endocardium - covered by endothelium, below subendothelial loose connective tissue. Endocardium is a little thicker in atrial region compared to the chambers' region.\nIt continuously changes in the vascular tunica intima and consists of the endothelium on the inner surface, subendothelial layer of loose collagenousconnective tissue and elastic tissues elastic - muscular layer.",
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"txt_cz": "2. Myokard",
"txt_en": "2. Myocardium",
"desc_cz": "Myokard se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z kardiomyocyt\u016f spojen\u00fdch interkal\u00e1rn\u00edmi disky, zde zachycen\u00fdch v transverz\u00e1ln\u00edm \u0159ezu.\n\n",
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"txt_cz": "2.1. Kardiomyocyt",
"txt_en": "2.1. Cardiomyocyte",
"desc_cz": "Kardiomyocyty se \u010dasto v\u011btv\u00ed a spojuj\u00ed se se soudn\u00edmi kardiomyocyty pomoc\u00ed interkal\u00e1rn\u00edch disk\u016f. Interkal\u00e1rn\u00ed disk tvo\u0159\u00ed n\u011bkolik bun\u011b\u010dn\u00fdch pojen\u00ed a to fascia adherens, nexus a desmosom. Kardiomyocyty d\u00e1vaj\u00ed za vznik komplexn\u00ed s\u00edti, je\u017e zaji\u0161\u0165uje souhru cel\u00e9ho myokardu p\u0159i srde\u010dn\u00edm cyklu. Jejich j\u00e1dra b\u00fdvaj\u00ed centr\u00e1ln\u011b ulo\u017een\u00e1. Kardiomyocyty jsou baleny endomysiem s bohatou kapil\u00e1rn\u00ed s\u00edt\u00ed.",
"desc_en": "Cardiomyocyte - longitudinal section.\nCentrally located nucleus with paranuclear lightening at both its poles is characteristic.\nCardiomyocytes is the basic building block of the myocardium. It is a branched columnar cell with elongated oval nucleus and with a distinct nucleouls and granular heterochromatin pattern.\n\nCentrally located nucleus with paranuclear lightening at both its poles is characteristic.\n\nCardiomyocytes is the basic building block of the myocardium. It is a branched columnar cell with elongated oval nucleus and with a distinct nucleouls and granular heterochromatin pattern.",
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"txt_cz": "2.2. Interkal\u00e1rn\u00ed disk",
"txt_en": "Intercalated disk",
"desc_cz": "Interkal\u00e1rn\u00ed disk p\u0159edstavuje spojen\u00ed mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi kardiomyocyty. Je tvo\u0159en mezibun\u011b\u010dn\u00fdmi spoji konkr\u00e9tn\u011b ho tvo\u0159\u00ed nexy, desmosomy a fascia adherens. Zvln\u011bn\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh interterkal\u00e1rn\u00edho disku odpov\u00edd\u00e1 interdigitac\u00edm.\n",
"desc_en": "Cardiomyocytes are connected by intercalated disks. All types of cell junctions can be found in the intercalated disk - fascia adherens (anchoring sites of actin filaments via \u03b1-actinin to the sarcolemma), maculae adherentes (desmosmes with vimentin and desmin as intermediate filaments) and nexuses (gap junctions). Wavy course of intercalated disk corresponds to interdigitations.\n\n\n",
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"txt_cz": "3. Art\u00e9rie",
"txt_en": "Artery",
"desc_cz": "",
"desc_en": "",
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"txt_cz": "3.1. Endotel",
"txt_en": "Endothelium",
"desc_cz": "Endotelov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky maj\u00ed polygon\u00e1ln\u00ed tvar a jsou prot\u00e1hl\u00e9. J\u00e1dra jsou ov\u00e1ln\u00e1 a maj\u00ed hrubou chromatinovou strukturu. Endotelov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky poch\u00e1zej\u00ed z angioblast\u016f krevn\u00edch ostruvk\u016f, kter\u00e9 vznikaj\u00ed z mezechymu. Endotelov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky reguluj\u00ed tonus krevn\u00ed c\u00e9vy a pr\u016ftok krve sekrec\u00ed faktor\u016f ovliv\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edch kontrakci hladk\u00e9 svaloviny.\n\nEndotel (nen\u00ed epitel) funguje jako polopropustn\u00e1 bari\u00e9ra mezi krv\u00ed a interstaci\u00e1ln\u00ed tk\u00e1\u0148ovou tekutinou. M\u00e1 antitrombogenn\u00ed povrch to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee se na n\u011bm nesr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed krev. Endotel kontruje a zprost\u0159edkov\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00fdm\u011bnu molekul. Pr\u00e1v\u011b sprost\u0159edkov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm v\u00fdm\u011bny molekul se pod\u00edl\u00ed na z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9 a lok\u00e1ln\u00ed imunitn\u00ed odpov\u011bdi.",
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"txt_cz": "Kapil\u00e1ra",
"txt_en": "Capillary",
"desc_cz": "\u0160ipka ukazuje na krevn\u00ed kapil\u00e1ru. Ta je zachycen\u00e1 v longitudin\u00e1ln\u00edm \u0159ezu mezi tr\u00e1mci kardiomyocyt\u016f.\n",
"desc_en": "\nBlood cappilary - longitudinal view, among trabeculs of cardiomyocytes.",
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"txt_cz": "Lipofuscin",
"txt_en": "Age pigment",
"desc_cz": "Lipofuscin, pigment z opot\u0159ebov\u00e1n\u00ed, se akumuluje v dlouho \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch bu\u0148k\u00e1ch jako jsou neurony \u010di kardiomyocyty. Granula lipofuscinu p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed lipidov\u00e9 poz\u016fstatky lysozom\u00e1ln\u00ed degradace. Granula lipofucinu jsou hn\u011bdo - \u017elut\u00e9 barvy. ",
"desc_en": "",
"insert_who": "Am\u00e1lie Rozenbaumov\u00e1",
"marks": [
{
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"color": "green",
"size": "small",
"x_rel": "0.468541",
"y_rel": "0.891834"
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"x_rel": "0.488309",
"y_rel": "0.811165"
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},
{
"idx": "20144+",
"txt_cz": "Paranukle\u00e1rn\u00ed projasn\u011bn\u00ed",
"txt_en": "Paranuclear lightening region",
"desc_cz": "Paranukle\u00e1rn\u00ed projasn\u011bn\u00ed se jev\u00ed jako v\u00fdrazn\u011b sv\u011btlej\u0161\u00ed k\u00f3nick\u00e1 oblast sarkoplazmy kardiomyocytu. Je podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e1 absenc\u00ed myofibril v t\u00e9to oblasti z\u00f3n\u011b. ",
"desc_en": "Paranuclear lightening is less stained conical region of the sarcoplasm of the cardiomyocyte. It is caused by an absence of myofibrils.",
"insert_who": "Am\u00e1lie Rozenbaumov\u00e1",
"marks": [
{
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}
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